Pelvic Exam: This is a fundamental procedure performed by gynecologists to assess the health of the vulva and its related structures. It is crucial for identifying any lumps or abnormalities. During the pelvic exam, the doctor examines the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and cervix for signs of inflammation or blockage. Samples may also be taken from the pelvic area to test for infections or other conditions that could be causing infertility. This exam is essential for detecting tumors or unusual changes in the female reproductive system.

Blood Test: These tests are useful for identifying systemic problems, related medical conditions, or hormone levels. Blood tests provide initial insights for the fertility specialist to determine the root cause of infertility. They measure hormone levels in the blood, indicating whether a woman is ovulating properly or if her hormones are unbalanced. By understanding the role of hormones in fertility, doctors can better diagnose infertility and offer more effective treatments. These tests can also identify other conditions that may contribute to infertility, enabling couples to make informed decisions about their reproductive health and take steps toward achieving their goal of having a family.

Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS): This ultrasound involves inserting a probe into the vagina. While it may feel slightly uncomfortable, it is not painful. A condom and gel are applied to the probe before insertion to enhance comfort. This ultrasound provides images of the cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and other organs, helping to detect issues with the uterine lining, unusual growths like polyps or fibroids, and other abnormalities. It aids in diagnosing and treating the cause of infertility.

Hysteroscopy: Similar to a transvaginal ultrasound, this procedure examines the inside of the uterus, particularly for diagnosing polyps and fibroids. A thin, lighted tube (hysteroscope) is inserted into the vagina to view the uterus. It can also facilitate performing a tissue biopsy if needed.

Laparoscopy: Pelvic laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat problems in the female reproductive system. It involves using a laparoscope—a thin, lighted tube with a camera attached—to examine the reproductive organs. This procedure can also treat certain types of infertility by correcting anatomical issues or removing scar tissue, such as in cases of fibroid removal, endometriosis, or ovarian cyst treatment.